Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity, Learning Rules
نویسندگان
چکیده
Biological phenomenon. Spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) in its narrow sense refers to the change in the synaptic strength as a result of electrically eliciting pairs of action potentials (‘spikes’) with a fixed time difference between the preand post-synaptic action potentials (Markram et al., 1997; Bi and Poo, 1998; Sjostrom et al., 2001). STDP is typically observed for synapses between hippocampal or cortical pyramidal neurons in slices of juvenile rodents, and the spike pairings are repeated 50-100 times with various frequencies, e.g. 1 or 10 Hz. This protocol induces a change in the amplitude of a single excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is plotted against the spike time difference ∆t = tpost−tpre between the postsynaptic spike and the presynaptic spike (Fig. 1). The change takes in many cases a few minutes to be expressed and lasts at least for the duration of the experiment. Typically, when the presynaptic spike precedes the postsynaptic spike by roughly 10 ms, the synapse is potentiated; if the presynaptic spike follows the postsynaptic spike, the synapse is depressed (for reviews see Bi and Poo (2001); Senn (2002); Sjostrom et al. (2008); Sjöström and Gerstner (2010)).
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